What type of forces are considered the most detrimental to implants?

Shear forces are considered the most detrimental to implants due to the way they interact with the bone-implant interface. While compressive and tensile forces also play significant roles in the loading of implants, shear forces are particularly problematic because they can lead to micro-movements at the bone-implant interface. These micro-movements may impede osseointegration, which is the process where the bone integrates with the implant. When shear forces are excessive, they can result in the loosening of the implant and ultimately lead to implant failure.

Understanding the types of forces at play is crucial for clinicians to effectively manage the loading conditions on implants, particularly during the healing phase and throughout the lifespan of the implant. By recognizing that shear forces have a unique potential for disrupting the stability of implants, practitioners can take measures to minimize their effects, such as optimizing the design of the implant and ensuring proper placement in the bone.