What primarily influences a dental implant's retention?

The retention of a dental implant is primarily influenced by the surface characteristics of the implant and the quality of the surrounding bone. The surface characteristics play a crucial role in osseointegration, which is the biological process where the bone integrates with the surface of the implant. A roughened or treated surface can enhance the attachment of bone to the implant, promoting stability and retention.

Additionally, the quality and density of the bone where the implant is placed significantly affect the primary stability and long-term retention of the implant. Dense, healthy bone provides better support for the implant, while compromised bone quality can lead to inadequate retention and potential failure.

Although factors such as the shape of the implant, the type of anesthesia used, and the location of the implant can affect the overall treatment outcome and strategic planning, they do not directly influence the retention of the implant to the same extent as the surface characteristics and bone quality.